Posted by FILE COMMANDS:
| COMMAND | DESCRIPTION |
|---|---|
| ls | List items [files and directories] in the current directory. |
| ls dir | List all the items in the directory dir. Replace dir with the name of the directory that you want to list the items of. |
| cd dir | Change directory to dir. Replace dir with the name of the directory that you want to list the items of. |
| cd .. | Moves up one directory in the file tree structure. (Example: /home/dir1/dir2 > cd .. Returns (/home/dir1>)) |
| cd / | Moves to the root directory. Changes the current directory as the root directory . |
| cd ~ | Moves to your home directory. |
| pwd | Displays present working directory. |
| mkdir dir | Create a new directory named dir. |
| rm file | Remove the file named file. |
| rm -r dir|file | Remove directory named dir and sub-directories inside dir recursively (-r recursively) |
| cp source destination | Copy file from source to destination. |
| mv source destination | Move file from source to destination. |
| who | Displays the list of users currently logged in. |
| whoami |
Displays the user id of the currently logged in user. |
|
man <command_name> |
Displays the manual of the command_name. |
|
which <command_name> |
Returns the path names of the files (or links) which would be executed in the current environment for the particular command_name |
|
type <command_name> |
To check if the command_name is a built-in command or external binary file. |
|
touch file(s) |
Create empty file(s). |
|
cat > filename |
Create a file named filename and edit its contents. |
|
cat file(s) |
Display the contents of file(s) on standard output usually the terminal. |
|
cat source > destination |
Copies the contents of source to destination but OVER RIDES the existing contents of destination. |
| cat source >> destination |
Appends the contents of source to destination but DOES NOT OVER RIDE the existing contents of destination. |
| ln file1 file2 | Creates a hard link to file1 named as file2 |
| ln -s file1 file2 | Creates a soft link/symbolic link to file1 named as file2 |
|
less filename |
View file named filename with page navigation. |
|
head filename |
Output the first 10 lines of the file named as filename. |
| tail filename |
Output the last 10 lines of the file named as filename. |
|
vim/vi filename |
Edit file named as filename. |
|
echo $$ |
Returns the process ID (PID) of the current process. |
PROCESS COMMANDS:
| kill pid |
kill process with id as pid |
| kill -9 pid |
Forcefully kill process with id as pid |
| ps | Display currently active processes |
| top |
Display all running processes |
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